This Wiki entry will help:
http://www.teleflow.org/wiki/index.php5?title=System_requirements The section that is most relevant to your question is #3 TeleFlow Standard Server.
Windows 2000 Server would work great, although it is no longer available unless you have an old copy you can use. Windows 2003 Server will work fine too. Be sure *NOT* to get the 64-bit version. It must be the 32-bit version.
You must make sure whatever physical computer you use has room in it for a full-length
PCI-X card.
The telephony card I would recommend you get is the Dialogic
NMS AG 2000. It supports up to 8 simultaneous calls. You've indicated 5 to 10 simultaneous calls, so if 10 is your actual maximum, you will need two of these cards. If your real maximum is somewhere in the middle, this card will be ideal.
Further, you can start with one card, and add a second later on, if need be. Just be sure your server computer has room for two full-length PCI-X cards.